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Lumbini Pradesh is one of the seven provinces of Nepal, located in the southwestern part of the country. It was formed after the restructuring of the administrative divisions of Nepal in 2015. The province is named after Lumbini, the birthplace of Lord Gautama Buddha, which is located in the Rupandehi district of the province. Lumbini Pradesh is bordered by Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in India to the south, Province No. 5 to the east, and Karnali Pradesh to the north and west. In this article, we will discuss the geography, history, culture, and economy of Lumbini Pradesh.

Geography : Lumbini Pradesh covers an area of 22,288 square kilometers and is the fifth largest province of Nepal. The province is divided into 12 districts, namely Rupandehi, Kapilvastu, Nawalparasi West, Nawalparasi East, Dang, Pyuthan, Rolpa, Arghakhanchi, Gulmi, Palpa, Banke, and Bardiya. The terrain of the province is varied and ranges from the lowlands of the Terai to the hills and mountains of the Mahabharat Range and Siwalik Hills. The Churia Range lies to the north of the province, while the Babai River and its tributaries flow through the province.

History : The history of Lumbini Pradesh is closely tied to the birthplace of Lord Gautama Buddha, which is located in the Rupandehi district of the province. The region has been inhabited since prehistoric times, as evidenced by the discovery of the Lumbini Ashokan Pillar and other archaeological sites. In ancient times, the region was part of the Shakya kingdom, and Lord Buddha was born in the town of Lumbini in 623 BC. The region has also been part of the Mauryan and Malla empires and the Kingdom of Nepal.

Culture : Lumbini Pradesh is a diverse province with a rich cultural heritage. The province is home to many ethnic groups, including the Tharu, Magar, Gurung, Newar, Brahmin, and Chhetri. The province is known for its traditional handicrafts, such as pottery, weaving, and woodcarving. The region is also famous for its music and dance, including the Deuda dance of the Magar people and the Charya dance of the Newars. The province has many religious sites, including the birthplace of Lord Buddha in Lumbini, the Tilaurakot palace of the Shakya kingdom, and the Bageshwori temple in Nepalgunj.

Economy : Lumbini Pradesh is an agricultural province with fertile land and abundant water resources. The province is known for its production of rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, and other crops. Livestock farming is also an important economic activity, with cattle, buffalo, goats, and sheep being raised for meat and dairy products. The province has a rich forest cover, and timber and non-timber forest products are important sources of income. The province is also home to the Bardia National Park and the Banke National Park, which attract tourists from around the world.

Conclusion : Lumbini Pradesh is a province with a rich history, culture, and economy. It is known for being the birthplace of Lord Buddha and has many religious sites and cultural landmarks. The province is also an important agricultural and forestry region, and tourism is an important source of income. As Nepal continues to develop and modernize, Lumbini Pradesh is poised to play an important role in the country's economic and cultural future.